Total Hip Replacement

Hip Replacement

What is Total Hip Replacement ?

Total hip replacement surgery, also known as total hip arthroplasty, is a procedure in which a damaged or worn-out hip joint is replaced with an artificial joint or prosthesis. This surgery is commonly performed to relieve pain and improve mobility in people with severe arthritis, hip fractures, or other hip joint disorders. During the procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged portions of the hip bone and cartilage and replaces them with metal, ceramic, or plastic components designed to mimic the natural movement of the hip. The goal of the surgery is to restore function, reduce pain, and help patients return to their normal daily activities.

Dr. Rohan Bhargava

MBBS (KEM, Mumbai), MS Ortho, DNB Ortho
FNB Arthroplasty, MRCSEd.(UK) MNAMS
Fellowship in Revision Joint Replacement (Germany)

 


🦴 Why It’s Done

  • Osteoarthritis (most common)

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Post-traumatic arthritis

  • Hip fracture

  • Avascular necrosis (loss of blood supply to the bone)

  • Congenital/developmental hip diseases


🏥 Pre-Surgery Evaluation

  • Medical history and physical exam

  • X-rays/MRI/CT scan of the hip

  • Blood tests, ECG, and other fitness assessments

  • Discontinue certain medications before surgery


🔪 Surgical Procedure Steps

  1. Anesthesia

    • General anesthesia or spinal/epidural anesthesia.

  2. Incision

    • Made on the side or back of the hip (posterior, lateral, or anterior approach).

  3. Removal of Damaged Joint

    • The femoral head (top of thigh bone) is removed.

    • Damaged cartilage and bone from the hip socket (acetabulum) are cleaned out.

  4. Implant Placement

    • A metal socket is inserted into the pelvic bone.

    • A plastic/ceramic liner is placed inside the socket.

    • A metal or ceramic ball is attached to a stem and inserted into the thigh bone (femur).

  5. Closure

    • Muscles and tissues are sutured, and the incision is closed with staples or stitches.


⏱️ Duration

  • Typically 1.5 to 2.5 hours


🛌 Post-Surgery Recovery

  • Hospital stay: 2–5 days

  • Pain management with medications

  • Physical therapy begins within 24 hours

  • Walking with a walker/crutches initially

  • Gradual return to normal activities in 6–12 weeks


Benefits

  • Pain relief

  • Improved mobility

  • Better quality of life

  • Long-lasting results (typically 15–25 years)


⚠️ Risks & Complications

  • Blood clots (DVT)

  • Infection

  • Dislocation

  • Leg length difference

  • Loosening of the implant over time

  • Nerve injury

  • Wear of prosthetic parts


🧠 Important Tips After Surgery

  • Follow your surgeon’s instructions strictly

  • Do prescribed exercises

  • Avoid bending or crossing legs early on

  • Use raised chairs and toilet seats

  • Attend follow-up appointments